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A cumulative dose, safety and tolerability study of arformoterol in pediatric subjects with stable asthma

CONCLUSIONIn this study, in children with stable asthma, three consecutive doses of arformoterol (7.5 and 15 µg) and levalbuterol were overall well tolerated. Nonetheless, serum potassium levels demonstrated substantial mean declines after dosing. These findings do not address or support the safety and tolerability of arformoterol use in acute exacerbations of asthma in children. Pediatr. Pulmonol. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Pulmonology)

Characteristics of patients receiving allergy vaccination: to which extent do socio-economic factors play a role?

Conclusion: Use of SIT was associated with both disease severity measures and educational level, but not income level. These results suggest social inequality as reflected by lower use of SIT among patients with lower educational level may represent an obstacle to treatment with SIT. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)

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Potential COPD biomarker identified

Serum levels of the pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine CCL-18 are significantly associated with health outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, researchers have found. (Source: MedWire News - Respiratory)

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The clinical benefit of evaluating health-related-quality-of-life in children with problematic severe asthma.


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Aim:  To evaluate health-related-quality-of-life and the asthma control test in children with problematic severe asthma and controlled asthma, and to identify whether clinical characteristics show correlations with these measurements.

Methods:  This multicentre cross-sectional study included 93 children in total, 54 with problematic severe asthma and 39 age-matched with controlled asthma. Subjects completed the Paediatric Asthma Quality-of-Life Questionnaire as well as a standardised health questionnaire and the asthma control test. Objective measurements of exhaled nitric oxide, specific sensitisation, pulmonary function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine were also performed.

Results:  Health-related-quality-of-life was reduced in children with problematic severe asthma (5.4 versus 6.7, p=<0.001), particularly for girls (5.1 versus 5.6 for boys, p=0.02), and asthma control test scores were also lower (17 versus 23, p=<0.001) compared to subjects with controlled asthma. A health-related-quality-of-life score < 6.2 discriminated problematic severe asthma from controlled asthma with 85% sensitivity and 97% specificity, as did the asthma control test score < 20 (79% sensitivity and 94% specificity). Objective measures and other clinical characteristics were weakly associated with health-related-quality-of-life or asthma control test score.

Conclusion:  Subjective measurements of health-related-quality-of-life and asthma control are both equally useful in differentiating children with problematic severe asthma from those with controlled asthma.

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Leukotriene receptors are differently expressed in fibroblast from peripheral versus central airways in asthmatics and healthy controls.


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Leukotrienes are involved in airway inflammation, and are believed to stimulate airway remodeling in asthma. The aim of the project was to investigate the expression of leukotriene receptors in peripheral and central airway fibroblasts.

Peripheral and central airway fibroblasts, from asthmatics and healthy controls, were investigated for the amount of cysteinyl-leukotriene receptors (CysLT(1) and CysLT(2)), leukotriene B(4) receptors (BLT(1) and BLT(2)), IL-13 receptor-α(1) (IL-13Rα(1)) and the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R). The mRNA expression of CysLT(1) in fibroblasts from peripheral airways was higher compared to central airways. There was no difference in CysLT(2) between peripheral and central airways. On the contrary, BLT(1) and BLT(2) were lower in fibroblasts from peripheral airways compared to central. The expression of CysLT(1) was higher than CysLT(2) in fibroblasts from peripheral airways, and the expression of BLT(1) was higher than BLT(2) in both peripheral and central airways. Both BLT(1) and BLT(2) were higher in asthmatics compared to healthy controls, while CysLT(1) and CysLT(2) did not differ. The expression of IL-13Rα(1) was higher in asthmatics compared to controls, and correlated to the BLTs. All fibroblasts stained for the different receptor proteins.

Leukotriene receptors are differently expressed in fibroblasts from peripheral compared to central airways, which may explain a suggested cysteinyl-leukotriene driven remodeling mainly in the peripheral airways.

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