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Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on glycemic control and insulin resistance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis

Conclusions  Our analysis showed that CPAP significantly improved insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with moderate to severe OSA, while no significant change in body mass index was detected. Compared with fasting blood glucose at baseline, there was no change in glycemic control with CPAP. Further large-scale, randomized, and controlled studies are needed to evaluate the longer treatment and its possible effects on weight loss and glycemic homeostasis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11325-012-0680-8Authors Dan Yang, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 ChinaZhihong Liu...

T lymphocyte insensitivity to corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Conclusions: IFNgamma production from COPD airway lymphocytes is corticosteroid insensitive. This phenomenon may be important in the poor clinical response often observed with corticosteroids.

Safety of long-acting {beta} agonists for the treatment of asthma: clearing the air

Concerns about the safety of long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) therapy, has led to the appearance of multiple publications and recommendations. This review critically examines the available clinical evidence and safety requirements for LABA use. On the basis of nearly 20 systematic reviews and databases, the authors conclude that LABA monotherapy significantly increases the risk of asthma-related adverse effects.

We also conclude that the use of LABAs concomitantly with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) significantly reduces asthma hospitalisations and is not associated with life-threatening events and asthma-related deaths, especially when concurrent use of LABAs and ICS can be reasonably assured (use of a single inhaler device). An appropriate clinical study would require an extremely large...

Collateral ventilation and selection of techniques for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction

Lung volume reduction can give substantial benefit to selected patients with emphysema. However, the high morbidity associated with surgery has fuelled the development of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction. Investment in research has primarily focused on the development of endobronchial valves. Three large randomised controlled trials with endobronchial valves have only shown marginal clinical benefit overall, although some patients had significant improvement in pulmonary function.1–3 Cohort studies have also demonstrated a survival benefit in patients who developed lobar atelectasis.4 5 Collateral ventilation appears to be the key factor that limits the effectiveness of endobronchial valves.6 Support for this theory has been enhanced by subgroup analysis of the Endobronchial Valve...

Antibiotics Useless for Most Sinus Infections, Experts Say

New guidelines from specialists note that up to 98 percent of cases aren't bacterial (Source: Pulmonary Medicine News - Doctors Lounge)

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