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Diaphragm ultrasound as a new index of discontinuation from mechanical ventilation

Background: Predictive indexes of weaning from mechanical ventilation are often inaccurate. Among the many indexes used in clinical practice, the rapid shallow breathing index is one of the most accurate. We evaluated a new weaning index consisting in the diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) assessed by ultrasound. Methods: Forty-six patients were prospectively enrolled. All patients were ventilated in pressure support through a tracheostomy tube. Patients underwent a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) when they met all the following criteria: FiO2 < 0.5, PEEP 200, respiratory rate 36% was associated with a successful SBT with a sensitivity of 0.82, a specificity of 0.88, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.92, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.75. By comparison, RSBI (Source: Bi...

RHINASTHMA‐Adolescents: a new quality of life tool for patients with respiratory allergy

ConclusionsRHINASTHMA‐Adolescents is the first tool for evaluating HRQoL in patients with rhinitis and/or asthma. It provides a simple assessment and met the standards of validity, internal consistency, and reliability. (Source: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology)

Inhaled corticosteroids and systemic inflammatory response in community‐acquired pneumonia: A prospective clinical study

ConclusionsPrevious use of ICS in patients hospitalized for CAP is associated with a reduced systemic inflammatory response without any impact on long‐term mortality. (Source: Respirology)

Lessons from ECLIPSE: a review of COPD biomarkers

The Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE) study was a large 3-year observational controlled multicentre international study aimed at defining clinically relevant subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and identifying novel biomarkers and genetic factors. So far, the ECLIPSE study has produced more than 50 original publications and 75 communications to international meetings, many of which have significantly influenced our understanding of COPD. However, because there is not one paper reporting the biomarker results of the ECLIPSE study that may serve as a reference for practising clinicians, researchers and healthcare providers from academia, industry and government agencies interested in COPD, we decided to write a review...

Atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence

Conclusions Complete standard surgical resection with radical lymphadenectomy is essential for AC. Sublobar resections are related to locoregional recurrence, so they should be avoided except for carefully selected patients. Nodal status is an important prognostic factor to predict survival and recurrence. Distant recurrence is related to poor outcome. (Source: Thorax)

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