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Surgery A Valid Treatment Option For Snoring, Australia

Snoring is a symptom and a sign of airway obstruction and in serious cases can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular events. It is a heterogeneous condition so to effectively treat it requires a multidisciplinary approach, according to Wollongong ENT head and neck surgeon Dr Stuart MacKay. Writing in the latest edition of Australian Prescriber, Dr MacKay says while continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the gold standard treatment for snoring and sleep apnoea, mandibular advancement splints or surgery are also viable treatment options... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Tobacco-associated pulmonary vascular dysfunction in smokers: role of the ET-1 pathway

In conclusion, tobacco smoking is associated to an impaired pulmonary vasorelaxation at least partly mediated by an ET-1/ET-A-dependent dysfunction. (Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)

Cigarette smoke extract suppresses the RIG-I-initiated innate immune response to influenza virus in the human lung

Cigarette smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and predisposes subjects to severe respiratory tract infections. Epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smokers are seven times more likely to contract influenza infection than nonsmokers. The mechanisms underlying this increased susceptibility are poorly characterized. Retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I is believed to play an important role in the recognition of, and response to, influenza virus and other RNA viruses. Our study focused on how cigarette smoke extract (CSE) alters the influenza-induced proinflammatory response and suppresses host antiviral activity in the human lung using a unique lung organ culture model. We first determined that treatment with 2–20% CSE did not induce c...

Is the cellular response to cigarette smoke predictive of the phenotypic variation of COPD?

the adverse health consequences of cigarette smoking are not limited to the lung but also include effects on multiple other organ systems that are exposed directly or indirectly to the hazardous gaseous and soluble compounds generated by burning tobacco. Cigarette smoking (CS) is a risk factor for many major diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atherosclerosis, cerebral and coronary vascular diseases, hypertension, and many types of cancer. Within the diagnosis category of COPD, it is widely recognized that there is substantial phenotypic heterogeneity with respect to both pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. To understand the variability in responses to CS, it becomes essential to decipher the involved mechanisms at a cellular and molecular level that c...

Sputum and nasal lavage lung-specific biomarkers before and after smoking cessation.

Conclusions: Only nasal lavage SLPI decrease after 1 year after smoking cessation. We may speculate that there is an ongoing inflammatory process stimulating the production of counter-regulating proteins in the airways of healthy ex-smokers. (Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - Latest articles)

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