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European protocols for the diagnosis and initial treatment of interstitial lung disease in children

Interstitial lung disease in children (chILD) is rare, and most centres will only see a few cases/year. There are numerous possible underlying diagnoses, with specific and non-specific treatment possibilities. The chILD-EU collaboration has brought together centres from across Europe to advance understanding of these considerations, and as part of this process, has created standard operating procedures and protocols for the investigation of chILD. Where established consensus documents exist already, for example, for the performance of bronchoalveolar lavage and processing of lung biopsies, these have been adopted. This manuscript reports our proposals for a staged investigation of chILD, starting from when the condition is suspected to defining the diagnosis, using pathways dependent on th...

Evidence for a genetical contribution to non-smoking-related lung cancer

Conclusions Non-smoking-related lung cancer cases show significant excess relatedness for close and distant relationships, providing strong evidence for a genetical contribution as well as an environmental contribution. Significant excess relatedness for only close family relationships in all lung cancer cases and in only smoking-related lung cancer cases implies environmental contribution. Additionally, the highest RR for lung cancer was observed in the relatives of smoking-related lung cancer, suggesting predisposition gene carriers who smoke are at highest risk for lung cancer. Screening and gene identification should focus on high-risk pedigrees. (Source: Thorax)

Clinical impact of the new IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma classification for chest surgeons

Abstract In 2011, a new pathological classification of lung adenocarcinoma was proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. The new criteria classify adenocarcinomas into eight subtypes according to their histological features.

The criteria introduce a new concept of early stage lung cancer, consisting of adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and categorize invasive adenocarcinomas by the predominant histological pattern. In addition to morphological differences among subtypes, the classification also considers the tumor behavior based on the genetic background within each subtype. We herein review the clinical impact of this new classification for chest surgeons...

Tuberculosis in the time of Ebola: obstacles and opportunities

IN 2013, THE INCIDENCE of tuberculosis (TB) inSierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea was 313, 308 and 177 cases per 100 000 population, respectively.
Recent political instability and civil wars haveresulted in fragile health systems. Before 2014, SierraLeone had 136 doctors and 1017 nurses for apopulation of 6 million, and Liberia had 51 doctorsand 978 nurses for a population of 4.2 million. Developing robust TB control frameworks is challenging in such settings.

From 2014 to 2015, an unprecedented outbreak ofapproximately 28 141 cases of Ebola virus disease(EVD) caused 11 291 deaths across the threecountries. As that epidemic is now, hopefully, in afinal decline phase, the impact on health infrastructure to tackle other infections, such as TB and thehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV), requires assessment. In this issue of the Journal, Zachariah et al.issue a timely call for operational research on TB

The rapid effects of budesonide plus formoterol in patients with obstructive airway diseases.

Related Articles

The rapid effects of budesonide plus formoterol in patients with obstructive airway diseases.

Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015;9:5287-90

Authors: Bayiz H, Ozkaya S, Dirican A, Ece F

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The use of a combination inhaler containing budesonide and formoterol (BUD/FOR) to both maintenance and quick relief therapy has been recommended as an improved method of using inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β agonist therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of BUD/FOR and testing the availability of BUD/FOR for early reversibility test in patients with airway obstruction.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on patients who were admitted to the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Samsun Medical Park Hospital, Samsun, Turkey.
RESULTS: A total of 44 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 48.5±17.3 (range 10-75) years and the male-to-female ratio was 36:8. The pre-bronchodilator pulmonary function test results are as follows: the mean forced vital capacity, 3,025±1,162 mL (76.3%±23.2%); mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), 1,898±725 mL (59.2%±19.1%); mean FEV1/forced vital capacity, 62.8±6.3% (range 42%-70%); mean peak expiratory flow, 3,859±1,779 mL (48.0%±19.7%); and forced expiratory flow 25%-75%, 1,295±486 mL (35.8%±12.3%). The reversibility was positive in 26 (59.1%) patients. The absolute change and percentage of change in FEV1 were 318±228 mL and 17.7%±11.9%, respectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to reversibility (reversible and irreversible) and both groups were compared with changes according to spirometric results. FEV1 values were statistically different between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: The fixed combination of BUD/FOR has rapid bronchodilator effect, and they can be used for early reversibility test.

PMID: 26451084 [PubMed - in process]

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