Few data exist on the pleurodesis outcome in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). A retrospective review of the Western Australian Mesothelioma Registry over 5 years revealed 390 evaluable patients. Only a subset of patients (42.3%) underwent pleurodesis, surgically (n=78) or by bedside instillation of sclerosants (n=87). Surgical pleurodesis showed no advantages over bedside pleurodesis in efficacy (32% vs 31% failures requiring further drainage, p=0.98), patient survival (p=0.52) or total time spent in hospital from procedure till death (p=0.36). No clinical, biochemical or radiographic parameters tested adequately predict pleurodesis outcome. (Source: Thorax)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality, with a substantial economic impact. Recent changes in the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidance refined the classification of patients for treatment using a combination of spirometry, assessment of symptoms, and/or frequency of exacerbations. The aim of treatment remains to reduce existing symptoms while decreasing the risk of future adverse health events. Long-acting bronchodilators are the mainstay of therapy due to their proven efficacy. GOLD guidelines recommend combining long-acting bronchodilators with differing mechanisms of action if the control of COPD is insufficient with monotherapy, and recent years have seen growing interest in the add...

The editorial by Jenkins and Beasley1 makes a speculative recommendation that tiotropium Respimat should not be prescribed in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), being primarily based on meta-analysis where mortality was not the primary end point. The meta-analysis by Singh et al2 reported that treating 124 patients per annum with tiotropium Respimat 5 ug resulted in one additional death, although the associated 95% CI of 52 to 5682 clearly indicates that the data are not particularly robust. In considering the risk-benefit ratio of tiotropium one has to consider the seed and the soil, in terms of the degree of systemic exposure and the predisposing cardiovascular status. There is a lack of biological plausibility for the apparent disconnect between the appa...

Conclusions: Clarithromycin ameliorates ventilator-induced lung injury and decreases neutrophil recruitment into the alveolar spaces. This could explain the advantages of macrolides in patients with acute lung injury and mechanical ventilation. (Source: Respiratory Research)