Login to your account

Username *
Password *
Remember Me

Blog With Right Sidebar

    Vous êtes ici :  
  1. Accueil
  2. Blog With Right Sidebar

Chronic spontaneous urticaria: etiology and pathogenesis.

Related Articles

Chronic spontaneous urticaria: etiology and pathogenesis.

Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2014 Feb;34(1):33-52

Authors: Saini SS

Abstract
Urticaria affects individuals of all ages and is commonplace. Nearly 1 in 5 individuals will experience an episode of urticaria in their lifetime, while the chronic form of disease has an estimated annual prevalence of approximately 1% of the population. Given the similarity of chronic urticaria symptoms to those seen in patients suffering an allergic reaction, the condition often leads to a search for an external cause. In most cases, no external trigger factor is identified. At present several theories of pathogenesis exist, none of which is firmly established.

PMID: 24262688 [PubMed - in process]

Asthma Attacks Among Persons with Current Asthma - United States, 2001-2010.

Related Articles

Asthma Attacks Among Persons with Current Asthma - United States, 2001-2010.

MMWR Surveill Summ. 2013 Nov 22;62(SU-3):93-98

Authors: Moorman JE, Person CJ, Zahran HS, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC

Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by episodic and reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyper-responsiveness, and underlying inflammation. Common asthma symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. With correct treatment and avoidance of exposure to environmental allergens and irritants that are known to exacerbate asthma, the majority of persons who have asthma can expect to achieve optimal symptom control.

PMID: 24264497 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Should Mild COPD Be Treated? Evidence for Early Pharmacological Intervention.

Related Articles

Should Mild COPD Be Treated? Evidence for Early Pharmacological Intervention.

Drugs. 2013 Nov 9;

Authors: Elbehairy AF, Webb KA, Alberto Neder J, O'Donnell DE

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and often progressive inflammatory disease of the airways that is both preventable and treatable. It is well established that those with mild-to-moderate disease severity represent the majority of patients with COPD, yet this subpopulation is relatively under-studied. Because of an insidious pre-clinical phase, COPD is both under-diagnosed and under-treated. Recent studies have confirmed that even patients with mild, grade 1 COPD [i.e. those with a reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ratio but normal FEV1], have measurable physiological impairment with increased morbidity and a higher risk of mortality compared with non-smoking healthy controls. Beyond the imperative of smoking cessation-the pivotal intervention in all COPD stages-the role of pharmacotherapy for prevention of disease progression has yet to be established. The main objective of this review is to provide a concise overview of the heterogeneous pathophysiology of COPD with only mild airway obstruction on spirometry and obstacles for early diagnosis. We emphasize that the absence of sufficiently powered trials involving a large number of patients precludes definitive recommendations in support of (or against) long-term pharmacological treatment in mild COPD. Despite these limitations, we present a rationale for earlier pharmacological intervention derived from recent physiological studies performed in symptomatic patients with mild COPD.

PMID: 24214364 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Clinical use of pulse oximetry: Official guidelines from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand.

Related Articles

Pulse oximetry provides a simple, non-invasive approximation of arterial oxygenation in a wide variety of clinical settings including emergency and critical-care medicine, hospital-based and ambulatory care, perioperative monitoring, inpatient and outpatient settings, and for specific diagnostic applications.

Pulse oximetry is of utility in perinatal, paediatric, adult and geriatric populations but may require use of age-specific sensors in these groups. It plays a role in the monitoring and treatment of respiratory dysfunction by detecting hypoxaemia and is effective in guiding oxygen therapy in both adult and paediatric populations. Pulse oximetry does not provide information about the adequacy of ventilation or about precise arterial oxygenation, particularly when arterial oxygen levels are very high or very low. Arterial blood gas analysis is the gold standard in these settings. Pulse oximetry may be inaccurate as a marker of oxygenation in the presence of dyshaemoglobinaemias such as carbon monoxide poisoning or methaemoglobinaemia where arterial oxygen saturation values will be overestimated.

Technical considerations such as sensor position, signal averaging time and data sampling rates may influence clinical interpretation of pulse oximetry readings.

Potential Roles of Eosinophils in Cancer Therapy: Epidemiological Studies, Experimental Models, and Clinical Pathology.

Eosinophils play important roles in allergic diseases as well as during helminth infection. As multifunctional leukocytes, eosinophils have also been indicated in anti-cancer immunity.

Published studies have suggested an association between allergic conditions and a trend of decreased risk in numerous malignances. Moreover, eosinophil infiltration in tumor tissue is considered an independent prognostic factor. Eosinophils are often recruited to tumor sites, where eosinophil granule proteins and cytokines are released upon activation, which in turn damage and kill tumor cells.

In the last decade, a number of patents based on potential cancer therapy using eosinophilic cytokines have been awarded. In this article, we review the current findings on epidemiology, experimental models, clinical pathology, and molecular mechanisms involved in the response of eosinophils towards cancer.

Moreover, we discuss promising targeted therapies with eosinophilic cytokines as a novel perspective to combat cancer.

Search

Search