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The Role of Systemic Antibiotics in Acquiring Respiratory Tract Colonization With Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Patients: A Nested Cohort Study*

Conclusions: Among patients not colonized with Gram-negative bacteria in the respiratory tract at admission to ICU, systemic antibiotics during ICU stay were not associated with a reduction in acquisition of Gram-negative bacteria carriage in the respiratory tract during the ICU stay. (Source: Critical Care Medicine)

Noninvasive Ventilation and Survival in Acute Care Settings: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials*

Conclusions: This comprehensive metaanalysis suggests that noninvasive ventilation improves survival in acute care settings. The benefit could be lost in some subgroups of patients if noninvasive ventilation is applied late as a rescue treatment. Whenever noninvasive ventilation is indicated, an early adoption should be promoted. (Source: Critical Care Medicine)

Tiotropium or salmeterol as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for patients with moderate symptomatic asthma: two replicate, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, active-comparator, randomised trials

Publication date: Available online 12 February 2015 Source:The Lancet Respiratory Medicine Author(s): Huib A M Kerstjens , Thomas B Casale , Eugene R Bleecker , Eli O Meltzer , Emilio Pizzichini , Olaf Schmidt , Michael Engel , Loek Bour , Cynthia B Verkleij , Petra Moroni-Zentgraf , Eric D Bateman Background In patients with severe asthma, tiotropium improves lung function and exacerbation risk when added to high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting β2 agonists. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of tiotropium in patients with moderate asthma who were symptomatic despite treatment with medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids. Methods We did two 24-week, replicate, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, active-comparator trials at 233 sites in 14 cou...

Viral Profile of COPD Exacerbations According to Patients.

CONCLUSION: No differences on the rate and type of viral infections were noted for elderly vs non elderly patients. However, they tended to have more bacterial co-infections that led to AECOPD and longer hospitalization stays compared to non-elderly patients. PMID: 25741393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Respiratory Care)

Sleep-disordered breathing as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of disease-related death in most developed countries. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea (CSA), are increasing in overall prevalence and are often found in patients with established CVD. This review article will first discuss the most current medical literature regarding the clinical correlation between OSA and major CVDs, including systemic hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, pulmonary hypertension, and stoke, as well as the current evidence of the impact of treatment of OSA on these conditions. Second, a focus on the correlation between sleep-disordered breathing and heart failure (HF) will be addressed, including existing ev...

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