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Why does respiratory syncytial virus appear to cause asthma?

Multiple studies have demonstrated that being admitted to the hospital during infancy for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–induced bronchiolitis predicts an increased risk of asthma-like disease in later life. Although RSV is the most common virus in hospitalized children with bronchiolitis, rhinoviruses are by far the most frequently detected type of virus in patients with asthma exacerbations. The question remains of whether these are previously healthy infants in whom RSV causes the development of later asthma or whether these are simply infants with a predisposition to later asthma who are responding to an RSV infection with their first virus-induced asthma attack.

Toward a definition of asthma phenotypes in childhood: Making a long way shorter?

Asthma is a global health problem that imposes a burden on the family, the health care system, and society as a whole and results in massive social and economic costs to the community. In most cases asthma has its origins in early childhood, when the interaction of genetic and environmental factors shape airways development in a healthy or pathologic direction. Many attempts have been made to stop asthma in its early stages in childhood. Unfortunately, long-term pharmacologic treatment, allergen avoidance, or other strategies can hardly modify the natural course of the disease.

Vaccines in the assessment of patients for immune deficiency

Credit can now be obtained, free for a limited time, by reading the review articles in this issue. Please note the instructions listed below:

The Role of Smoking in Allergy and Asthma: Lessons from the ECRHS

Abstract  
The European Community Respiratory Health Survey is an international multicenter cohort study of asthma, allergy, and lung function that began in the early-1990s with recruitment of population-based samples of 20- to 44-year-old adults, mainly in Europe. The aims of the study are broad ranging but include assessment of the role of in utero exposure to tobacco smoke, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and active smoking on the incidence, prevalence, and prognosis of allergy and asthma. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses looking at these associations have been conducted, sometimes only using information collected in one country, and on other occasions using information collected in all the participating centers. This article summarizes the results from these various publications from this large epidemiologic study.
  • Content Type Journal Article
  • Category ASTHMA (WJ CALHOUN AND J BOUSQUET, SECTION EDITORS)
  • Pages 185-191
  • DOI 10.1007/s11882-012-0260-9
  • Authors
    • Simone Accordini, Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
    • Christer Janson, Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    • Cecilie Svanes, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
    • Deborah Jarvis, Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Emmanuel Kaye Building, Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR England, UK

Chronic Urticaria

Abstract  
Chronic urticaria is defined as case of spontaneous wheals and/or angioedema persisting for a period of at least six weeks. The disease has an average duration of three to five years and is strongly associated with a decrease of quality of life and performance. Current international guidelines recommend the use of non-sedating antihistamines as the first choice in therapy and up-dosing these up to fourfold in cases of non-response. Alternative treatments for the afflicted who do not respond to antihistamine-treatment are also available but are not approved for use on urticaria.
  • Content Type Journal Article
  • Category ALLERGIC DERMATOSIS AND URTICARIA (J RING, SECTION EDITOR)
  • Pages 1-6
  • DOI 10.1007/s11882-012-0270-7
  • Authors
    • Torsten Zuberbier, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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