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Overview of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and Mechanisms of Their Regulation: Implications for Cancer Therapy.

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Overview of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and Mechanisms of Their Regulation: Implications for Cancer Therapy.

Curr Protoc Pharmacol. 2013 Jun;Chapter 14:Unit14.25

Authors: Bao B, Ahmad A, Azmi AS, Ali S, Sarkar FH

Abstract
The identification of small subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) from blood mononuclear cells in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 1997 was a landmark observation that recognized the potential role of CSCs in tumor aggressiveness. Two critical properties contribute to the functional role of CSCs in the establishment and recurrence of cancerous tumors: their capacity for self-renewal and their potential to differentiate into unlimited heterogeneous populations of cancer cells. These findings suggest that CSCs may represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment and/or prevention of tumor progression, since they appear to be involved in cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance-all of which lead to poor clinical outcomes. The identification of CSC-specific markers, the isolation and characterization of CSCs from malignant tissues, and targeting strategies for the destruction of CSCs provide a novel opportunity for cancer research. This overview describes the potential implications of several common CSC markers in the identification of CSC subpopulations that are restricted to common malignant diseases, e.g., leukemia, and breast, prostate, pancreatic, and lung cancers. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of CSC function is also discussed, as are several methods commonly used in CSC research. The potential role of the antidiabetic drug metformin- which has been shown to have effects on CSCs, and is known to function as an antitumor agent-is discussed as an example of this new class of chemotherapeutics.Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. 61:14.25.1-14.25.14 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

PMID: 23744710 [PubMed - in process]

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2013.

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These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the diagnostic evaluation of suspected lung cancer. This topic was the subject of a major update in the 2013 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. The NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the major updates in the NCCN Guidelines and discuss the new updates in greater detail.

SARS-like virus MERS-CoV threatens globally with deadly results in the latest pandemic scare - What you need to protect yourself

Like a ticking time bomb, the World Health Organization (WHO) warns of a deadly new coronavirus known as Middle East Respiratory Symptom Coronavirus, or MERS-CoV, that has reared its ugly head killing approximately 50 percent of its known victims thus far. There's no... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

Clinical Practice Guidelines On Sleep Apnea And Driving Published By The American Thoracic Society

The American Thoracic Society has released new clinical practice guidelines on sleep apnea, sleepiness, and driving risk on non-commercial drivers. The new guidelines, which are an update of a 1994 ATS statement on this topic, appear in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. "Up to 20 percent of crashes that occur on monotonous roads can be attributed to sleepiness, and the most common medical cause of excessive daytime sleepiness is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)," said Kingman P... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

The use of ambulatory strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in adults

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine , June 2013, Vol. 7, No. 3, Pages 259-273. (Source: Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine)

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