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Mechanistic Insights into the Contribution of Epithelial Damage to Airway Remodeling: Novel Therapeutic Targets for Asthma.

Authors: Royce SG, Li X, Tortorella S, Goodings L, Chow BS, Giraud AS, Tang ML, Samuel CS Abstract It has been suggested that an inherent airway epithelial repair defect is the root cause of airway remodeling in asthma. However, the relationship between airway epithelial injury and repair, airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness has not been directly examined. We investigated the contribution of epithelial damage/repair to the development of airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness using a validated naphthalene-induced murine model of airway injury. Additionally, we examined the endogenous vs exogenous role of the epithelial repair peptide, trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) in disease pathogenesis. A single dose of naphthalene (200mg/kg in 10ml/kg body weight corn oil vehicl...

Distinct Quantitative CT Emphysema Patterns are Associated with Physiology and Function in Smokers.

Conclusions: Measures of distinct CT emphysema patterns provide novel information about the relationship between emphysema and key measures of physiology, physical function, and healthcare utilization. Measures of mild emphysema in smokers with preserved lung function can be extracted from CT scans and are significantly associated with functional measures. PMID: 23980521 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)

A rapid and efficient way to manage hyponatremia in patients with SIADH and small cell lung cancer: treatment with tolvaptan

Conclusions: Based on this algorithm all patients started chemotherapy in time. Subsequently, the treatment with tolvaptan lead to an improvement of the ECOG-performance status. In addition, all patients benefit from the effective management of SIADH which omitted prolonged hospital stays and non-elective hospitalizations due to an unstable clinical condition due to severe hyponatremia. These observations add new insight to management of SIADH in thoracic oncology and are of interest for specialists in oncology, endocrinology and pulmonary medicine. (Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - Latest articles)

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) - update

WHO has been informed of an additional two laboratory-confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in Qatar. (Source: WHO Disease Outbreaks)

Emergence of H3N2pM‐like and novel reassortant H3N1 swine viruses possessing segments derived from the A (H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus, Korea

ConclusionsWe report here for the first time the isolation of H3N2pM‐like viruses outside North America and of novel reassortant swine H3N1 viruses with A(H1N1)pdm09‐derived genes. Apart from further complicating the genetic diversity of influenza A viruses circulating in domestic pigs, our data also indicate that these strains could potentially pose threat to public health asserting the need for continuous virus monitoring in these ecologically important hosts. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)

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