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Obesity and asthma: The chicken or the egg?

Asthma and obesity have increased in prevalence over the past 2 decades, reaching epidemic proportions. Obesity is a common comorbidity to asthma and has been associated with not only the development of asthma but also less control of asthma symptoms and increased risk for hospitalization.1 Recent prospective evidence supports the notion that increased body weight precedes asthma development, but there is ongoing debate as to whether obesity directly increases this risk or whether patients first experience asthma and then become overweight or obese, potentially because of respiratory constraints and reduced physical activity. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

The impact of exacerbation frequency on mortality following acute exacerbations of COPD: a registry-based cohort study

Conclusion Among patients with AECOPD, one or more exacerbations in the previous year were not associated with 30-day mortality but were associated with an increased 31–365-day mortality. (Source: BMJ Open)

Subsolid Pulmonary Nodules: CT-Pathologic Correlation Using the 2011 IASLC/ATS/ERS Classification

Adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic subtype of lung cancer. Recent advances in oncology, molecular biology, pathology, imaging, and treatment have led to an increased understanding of this disease.

In 2011, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the American Thoracic Society, and the European Respiratory Society published a new international multidisciplinary classification. Using this taxonomy, we review the spectrum of subsolid pulmonary nodules seen on computed tomography together with their histopathologic correlates and current management guidelines. (Source: Clinical Imaging)

Rehabilitation following hospitalization in patients with COPD: Can it reduce readmissions?

Abstract Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one of the commonest causes of emergency hospital admission and are associated with high rates of readmission. Rehabilitation in the peri‐ and early post‐hospitalization setting may counteract the deleterious consequences of an acute hospital admission and target modifiable risk factors for readmission such as physical inactivity, reduced exercise capacity and impaired physical function. Pulmonary rehabilitation in the peri‐hospitalization period can improve exercise capacity and health‐related quality of life and can also reduce rates of readmission. Consequently, guidelines have recommended the provision of pulmonary rehabilitation in the acute setting. However, recent trials showing less positive results ...

Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: A Radiology-Pathology Correlation Based on the Revised 2013 American Thoracic Society-European Respiratory Society Classification System.

Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: A Radiology-Pathology Correlation Based on the Revised 2013 American Thoracic Society-European Respiratory Society Classification System.

Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2015 January - February;44(1):15-25

Authors: Kadoch MA, Cham MD, Beasley MB, Ward TJ, Jacobi AH, Eber CD, Padilla ML

Abstract
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) are a group of diffuse lung diseases that share many similar radiologic and pathologic features. According to the revised 2013 American Thoracic Society-European Respiratory Society classification system, these entities are now divided into major IIPs (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, and acute interstitial pneumonia), rare IIPs (idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis), and unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Some of the encountered radiologic and histologic patterns can also be seen in the setting of other disorders, which makes them a diagnostic challenge. As such, the accurate classification of IIPs remains complex and is best approached through a collaboration among clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists, as the treatment and prognosis of these conditions vary greatly.

PMID: 25512168 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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