Biomarkers, and particularly procalcitonin (PCT), are useful tools as antibiotic treatment duration indicators both in pneumonia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Even if more data are required to fully appreciate the role of biomarkers in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) management, there is emerging evidence that biomarkers have the potential to improve the daily clinical management of LRTIs.