Long recognized as a major cause of death, pneumonia has been studied intensively since the late 1800s, the results of which led to many formative insights in modern microbiology. Despite this research and the development of antimicrobial agents, pneumonia remains a major cause of complications and death. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a syndrome in which acute infection of the lungs develops in persons who have not been hospitalized recently and have not had regular exposure to the health care system. ...